Тигли из карбида кремния (SiC) обладают рядом преимуществ по сравнению с традиционными материалами тиглей, такими как графит, глина-графит или кварц, особенно в высокотемпературных и реактивных средах. Вот основные преимущества использования тиглей из карбида кремния :
1. Высокая теплопроводность
SiC обладает превосходной теплопроводностью (≈120 Вт/м·К), что обеспечивает быстрый и равномерный нагрев.
Снижает термическую нагрузку и образование трещин по сравнению с такими материалами, как оксид алюминия или кварц.
2. Исключительная стойкость к тепловому удару
SiC может выдерживать быстрые перепады температур без образования трещин, что делает его идеальным для процессов, связанных с резким нагревом или охлаждением.
3. Стабильность при высоких температурах
Эффективно работает при температурах до 1600°C (в инертных/восстановительных атмосферах) и до 1400°C в окислительных условиях.
Превосходит графит (который окисляется выше 600°C) и оксид алюминия (размягчается при высоких температурах).
4. Превосходная химическая стойкость
Устойчив к коррозии, вызываемой расплавленными металлами (Al, Cu, Zn), солями и шлаками.
Более долговечен, чем графит, при воздействии реактивных металлов, таких как алюминий или кремний.
5. Механическая прочность и долговечность
Высокая твердость (~9,5 по шкале Мооса) и прочность на сжатие снижают износ и деформацию.
Более длительный срок службы, чем у глиняно-графитовых или кварцевых тиглей.
6. Стойкость к окислению
Образует на воздухе защитный слой SiO₂, предотвращающий быструю деградацию (в отличие от графита, который подвержен эрозии).
7. Несмачиваемая поверхность
Минимизирует прилипание расплавленных металлов, что облегчает заливку и очистку.
8. Энергоэффективность
Более быстрая передача тепла снижает потребление энергии при плавлении.
ТИПИЧНЫЙ ХИМИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ | ТИПИЧНЫЕ ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА | ||
SiC | ≥98% | Твёрдость: | Моос:9,15 |
SiO2 | ≤1% | Температура плавления: | Возгоняется при 2250 ℃ |
Н2О3 | ≤0,5% | Максимальная рабочая температура: | 1900℃ |
Fe2O3 | ≤0,3% | Удельный вес: | 3,2-3,45 г/см3 |
ФК | ≤0,3% | Насыпная плотность (LPD): | 1,2-1,6 г/см3 |
Магнитное содержимое | ≤0,02% | Цвет: | Черный |
|
| Форма частиц: | Шестиугольный |
Применение тиглей из карбида кремния:
Плавка и литье металлов (Al, Cu, Zn, драгоценные металлы)
Обработка полупроводников (выращивание кристаллов Si, GaAs)
Производство стекла и керамики
Высокотемпературные химические реакции
Тигли SiC идеально подходят для высокотемпературных, высокопроизводительных применений , где прочность, стойкость к тепловому удару и химическая стабильность имеют решающее значение. Они превосходят традиционные материалы тиглей в суровых условиях, но имеют более высокую начальную стоимость.
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